河北省秦皇岛市卢龙县中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第二次调研考试
英语试题
第I卷 (选择题共115分)
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Types of Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers (灭火器) are marked according to the kind of fire on which they should be used. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be dangerous and make things worse.
Type A extinguishers are used for fires on paper, cloth, wood, rubber, many plastics and so on. These types of fires usually leave ashes when they burn, so use Type A extinguishers for fires that leave ashes.
Type B extinguishers are used for burning liquids, such as oil, gasoline, and paints. These substances often come in barrel-shaped (桶形的) containers, so use Type B extinguishers for such barrels.
Type C extinguishers are used for electrical fires. Electricity travels in a circuit (电路), so use Type C extinguishers for circuits.
Remember, A is for Ashes, B is for Barrels, and C is for Circuits. Make sure you have the correct type of fire extinguisher before you try to use it.
Using a Fire Extinguisher
To help you remember how to use a fire extinguisher learn PAPS. PAPS stands for Pull, Aim, Press, and Sweep.
Pull the pin (销) at the top of the extinguisher cylinder (圆筒).
Aim the nozzle (喷嘴) at the base of the fire.
Press the handle.
Sweep the spray (喷雾) from side-to-side at the fire’s base until it goes out.
1. The purpose of the text is to .
A. inform B. persuade C. entertain D. comment
2. What should you do before using a fire extinguisher?
A. Check whether it is in good condition.
B. Check whether you have chosen a right one.
C. Make sure you have an instructor beside you.
D. Make sure you have mastered the way to use one.
3. What does the underlined phrase “goes out” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Becomes bigger. B. Keeps shining.
C. Stops burning. D. Leaves a building.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。灭火器按其应使用的火种进行标识。使用错误类型的灭火器可能会很危险，并使事情变得更糟。文章主要介绍了不同类型的灭火器，以及使用灭火器的正确步骤。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fire extinguishers (灭火器) are marked according to the kind of fire on which they should be used. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be dangerous and make things worse.”可知灭火器按其应使用的火种进行标识。使用错误类型的灭火器可能会很危险，并使事情变得更糟。结合文章主要介绍了不同类型的灭火器，以及使用灭火器的正确步骤。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是提供关于灭火器的信息。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be dangerous and make things worse.”可知使用错误类型的灭火器可能会很危险，并使事情变得更糟。由此可知，在使用灭火器之前你应该检查你是否选对了正确的灭火器。故选B。
【3题详解】
短语猜测题。根据画线短语上文“Sweep the spray (喷雾) from side-to-side at the fire’s base until it”可知在火的底部从一边到另一边喷洒，直到火熄灭，it指代上文fire。由此可知，画线短语意思为“停止燃烧，熄灭”。故选C。
B
In the US, tornadoes(龙卷风） are responsible for 80 deaths and more than 1,500 injuries each year. Although they happen quite frequently, tornadoes are difficult to predict. Why? Tornadoes develop from storms, but only some storms are likely to become tornadoes. Scientists don’t know where and when a storm will touch the ground and turn into a tornado. Today, the warning time for a tornado is usually just 13 minutes.
Time Samaras is a storm chaser. His job is to find tornados and follow them.When he gets close to a tornado, he puts a special tool called a turtle probe on the ground. This tool measures things like a tornado’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and wind speed. With this information, Samaras can learn what causes tornadoes to develop. If meteorologists(气象学家) understand this, they can warn people about tornadoes sooner and save lives.
How does Samaras hunt tornadoes? It’s not easy. First, he has to find one Tornadoes are too small to see using weather satellites. So Samaras can’t rely on these tools to find a tornado. Instead, he waits for tornadoes to develop. Every May and June, Samaras drivers about 40,000 kilometers aross an area known as ToknownTornado Alley, looking and hoping to spot a tornado.
Once Samaras sees a tornado, the chase begins. But a tornado is hard to follow. Some tornadoes change direction several times—for example,moving east and then west and then east again. When Sanaras finally gets near a tonrnado, he puts the turtle probe on the ground. Being this close to a tornado is terrifying. Debris (碎片) is flying in the air . Then wind is blowing at high speed. He must get away quickly.
The work is risky, even for a skilled chaser like Samaras. But danger won’t stop his hunt for the perfect storm.
4. What do we know about tornadoes?
A. They can be predicted by satellites. B. They usually come down in winter
C. The warning time for them is very short . D. They often develop into storms.
5. A turtle probe is used to .
A. predict tornadoes B. collect information about tornadoes
C. chase tornadoes D. decrease the power of tornadoes
6. The third paragraph is mainly about .
A. how tornadoes develop B. how the turtle probe works
C. how powerful Tornado Alley is D. how Samaras chases a tornado
7. According to the text ,the job of a tornado chaser is .
A. difficult and dangerous B. stressful and troublesome
C. mysterious and interesting D. exciting and popular
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Time Samaras如何追踪龙卷风，以及龙卷风的一些相关知识。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一自然段最后两句“Scientists don’t know where and when a storm will touch the ground and turn into a tornado. Today, the warning time for a tornado is usually just 13 minutes.”（科学家们不知道风暴会在何时何地接触到地面然后变成龙卷风。目前，龙卷风的警报时间通常只有13分种）中的“only”可推测出，龙卷风预报时间很短。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二自然段中的“This tool measures things like a tornado’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and wind speed. With this information, Samaras can learn what causes tornadoes to develop.”（这个工具可以测量龙卷风的温度，适度和风速。有了这些信息，Samaras就可以了解到什么造成了龙卷风的形成）可知，turtle probe是测量龙卷风相关数据的工具。故选B项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三自然段第一句“How does Samaras hunt tornadoes”（他是如何追踪龙卷风的呢？）这个问句和下文叙述的内容可知，整个第三自然段除了该句都是在回答这个问题，所以本段是关于samaras如何追踪龙卷风的描写。D项：how Samaras chases a tornado（samaras如何追踪龙卷风）符合本段主题。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的But a tornado is hard to follow. Some tornadoes change direction several times（但是龙卷风很难追踪，有些龙卷风会几次改变方向）和最后段中的The work is risky, even for a skilled chaser like Samaras.（这项工作是有风险的，甚至是对于Samaras这样有经验的追踪者来说也是如此）可知，这项工作是困难且危险的。故选A项。
C
“I will think of it.”It is easy to say this, but do you know what great things have come from thinking? We cannot see our thoughts, or hear, or taste, or feel them; and yet what strong power they have!
Sir Isaac Newton was seated in his garden on a summer evening, when he saw an apple fall from a tree. He began to think, and, in trying to find out why the apple fell, discovered how the earth, sun, moon, and stars are kept in their places.
A boy named James Watt sat quietly by the fireside, watching the lid ( 盖子) of the tea kettle as it moved up and down. He began to think,and he wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the heavy lid. From that time he went on thinking and thinking and when he became a man, he improved the steam engine so much that it could, with the greatest ease, do the work of many horses.
James Ferguson was a poor Scotch shepherd (羊倌) boy. Once, seeing the inside of a watch, he was filled with wonder.“Why should I not make a watch?”he thought. But how was he to get the materials out of which to make the wheels and the mainspring (钟表等的主发条)? He soon found how to get them: he made the mainspring out of a piece of whalebone. He then made a wooden clock which kept good time. He began, also, to copy pictures with a pen, and portraits (肖像) with oil colors. In a few years, while still a small boy, he earned money enough to support his father. When he became a man, he went to London to live. Some of the wisest men in England, and the king himself, used to attend his lectures. His motto was, “I will think of it.” and he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world.
When you have a difficult lesson to learn, don’t feel discouraged or ask someone to help you before helping yourselves. Think, and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose
8. Which word can best describe the three scientists mentioned in this text?
A. Crazy. B. Impatient. C. Curious. D. Easy-going.
9. What can we learn about James Ferguson?
A. He was born in a rich family.
B. His wooden clock seldom worked well.
C. He was a painter from England.
D. His mind greatly influenced the world.
10. What is the author trying to tell us?
A. Thoughts are not important since we can not see or touch them.
B. It is important to try a challenge on our own.
C. Ask for help right away when things get hard.
D. Great people have great teachers.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. I Will Think of It
B. Why Should Not I Have a Try?
C. Nothing Is Impossible to a Willing Heart
D. Great Scientists Make a Great World
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要用三个科学家的事例来证明思考的力量可以改变自己，甚至改变世界，所以我们也要学会思考。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He began to think, and, in trying to find out why the apple fell, discovered how the earth, sun, moon, and stars are kept in their places. ”（他开始思考，在试图找出苹果掉下来的原因时，他发现了地球、太阳、月亮和星星是如何固定在各自的位置上的），第三段“He began to think and he wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the heavy lid. ”（他开始思考，他想知道壶里的蒸汽为什么会移动沉重的壶盖）， 第四段“Once, seeing the inside of a watch, he was filled with wonder. “Why should I not make a watch?” he thought. ”（有一次，他看到手表的内部，充满了惊奇。“我为什么不做一只表呢?” 他想）可知，这三位科学家都是从最初的好奇，想知道，后来成为伟大的科学家的，因此推断他们都是有好奇心的。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“His motto was, “I will think of it.” and he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world. ”（他的座右铭是：“我会考虑的。”他让自己的想法对自己和世界都有用）可知，他的想法影响了世界，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When you have a difficult lesson to learn, don’t feel discouraged or ask someone to help you before helping yourselves. Think, and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose.”可知，当你有一个困难的课程要学习时，不要感到气馁或请别人帮助你。思考，通过思考你将学会如何为某个目的思考。由此可知，作者告诉我们要学会思考，也就是要挑战我们自己，故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“I will think of it.” It is easy to say this, but do you know what great things have come from thinking? We cannot see our thoughts, or hear, or taste, or feel them; and yet what strong power they have! “（“我会考虑的。”这话说起来很容易，但你知道从思考中产生了什么伟大的东西吗？我们看不见我们的思想，听不见，尝不到，也感觉不到；然而它们有多么强大的力量！）可知，本文就是主要讲述思考有很强的力量，也在告诫我们遇到事情，要学会思考。A选项符合主题，适合做标题，故选A。
D
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological (病态的) relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.” But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
12. The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. advantage B. attraction
C. adaption D. attempt
13. From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A. attract people to buy their products
B. provide the latest information
C. improve people’s quality of life
D. deal with cultural diseases
14. It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A. consider too much technology wonderful
B. have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C. can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D. may enjoy life better without overused technology
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices?
A. Neutral. B. Skeptical.
C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。高科技在我们生活当中广泛应用，作者观察到这一生活现象，作者针对这种现象做了剖析和分析。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段People have been influenced to become technology addicted可知，人们已经被影响到对科技上瘾。所以一项研究发现，人们在抗拒社交媒体的吸引力时，比抗拒睡眠、香烟和酒精时更困难。故划线词的意思是“ 吸引力”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的 The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products,现代科技电脑主要的目标就是使人们能够花更多的时间和金钱在他们的产品上。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology.可知，如果我们有任何机会打破关于他们使用技术的错误信念。这是人们需要问自己的问题。当我们可以一天或一周不使用那么多的技术而快乐地生活时，我们就可以重新获得控制和个人自由，成为技术的主人，发现在没有技术的生活中也可以享受一切。由此判断出，没有过度使用科技，人们可以更好地享受生活。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文尤其是根据第四段I see people trapped in a pathological (病态的) relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them.可知，我看到人们被浪费时间的技术困在一种病态的关系中，他们服务于技术而不是技术服务于他们。由此判断出，作者对过度使用高科技设备的态度是不同意的。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever changed your mind, or even given up a dream because you were afraid of what someone else might think of you? If you’re often worried about what friends, family, or even strangers in the street might think, then you’re using up a huge amount of energy worrying._____16_____ But the steps below should help.
Step 1: Ask yourself what matters to you.
Maybe you can’t stand the gym, but your best friend works out every day. It’s natural for people around you to have different values from you.___17___
Step 2: ___18___
The truth is that I’m not the centre of the world, and neither are you! Most of the people around you are far too busy going about their own lives to think much about you.
Step 3: Recognize that their opinion can’t hurt you.
There are a few cases where opinions will make a difference._____19_____ But the people who really matter are going to love you for who you are.
Step 4: ___20___
You can’t control people’s thoughts. You’ve got no idea what might go through their head, or why. You can’t please everyone all of the time, and there’s no need to try to.
A. Do whatever you want to do.
B. This is a hard habit to get rid of.
C. You should make everyone around you happy.
D. So just be clear and honest with yourself.
E. Remember that they’re not all watching you.
F. Accept that you can’t control what people think.
G. For instance, your boss’s opinion is usually important to you.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
此文为说明文。文章主要介绍了如何做到不在乎别人的看法。
【16题详解】
根据下句But the steps below should help.可知，前句是点出问题，所以结合第一句点出的问题可知B正确。
【17题详解】
根据本段的小标题Ask yourself what matters to you.（问自己什么对自己最重要），可知D正确，即明确自己的内心。
【18题详解】
根据下句的Most of the people around you are far too busy going about their own lives to think much about you.可知，我们不是世界的中心，大部分人都在忙自己的事情，并没有在看你，所以E正确。
【19题详解】
根据前句There are a few cases where opinions will make a difference.可知，此处是举例说明，老板的观点很重要。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据第一句You can’t control people’s thoughts.以及最后一句You can’t please everyone all of the time, and there’s no need to try to.可知，要接受你无法控制别人思想的事实。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My wonderful daughter made me a birthday cake this year using her own special combination of creativity and love. It was huge and I ___21___ myself the biggest piece. With the first ___22___ I closed my eyes and smiled. It was so ___23___ . The ice cream on top was delightfully thick. It had countless calories ___24___ it was so delicious without being necessarily nutritious. I didn’t mind, ___25___. I enjoyed every bite and added a few scoops of ice cream ___26___ . My son, my daughter and I___27___ every bit of it. When we were done, our souls were ___28___, and dinner was still four hours away. We had followed that wise saying of a ___29___ existence: “Life is short. Eat ___30___first!”
I have spent too many years of my life ___31___the desserts I was given until everything else was done. Like many people in our society, I thought that ___32___ came first, duty came second, and joy was somewhere down the___33___. It took me a long time to see the ___34___ truth that: “We work to live but we live to love.” Without love, without laughter, without joy, without goodness, and without all the simple ___35___ life can bring, our existence becomes a dull and miserable journey. ___36___, I finally realized that when you put love first in your life, ___37___ else tastes so much sweeter.
Don’t put off the simple ___38___ that life can bring. Don’t put off the beautiful love that you can give. And ___39___ your love with everyone. You will be amazed at how wonderful ___40___ will be when you “Live to Love” while you “Work to Live”.
21. A. cut B. taught C. bought D. stored
22. A. soup B. bite C. view D. reply
23. A. soft B. bitter C. sweet D. cold
24. A. but B. so C. or D. and
25. A. instead B. though C. thus D. therefore
26. A. as well B. above all C. in total D. for fun
27. A. jumped B. searched C. finished D. ignored
28. A. relaxed B. cleared C. injured D. satisfied
29. A. spare B. happy C. sad D. balanced
30. A. rice B. medicine C. dessert D. fruit
31. A. giving away B. cutting up C. leaving out D. putting off
32. A. work B. kindness C. mercy D. health
33. A. list B. way C. trouble D. line
34. A. complex B. simple C. personal D. hidden
35. A. disasters B. gifts C. hobbies D. pleasures
36. A. However B. Besides C. Thankfully D. Surprisingly
37. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
38. A. changes B. joys C. mistakes D. differences
39. A. share B. mix C. treat D. discuss
40. A. journey B. volunteer C. life D. service
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. C
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。文章主要讲述了今年我的女儿用她自己独特的创造力和爱心给我做了一个生日蛋糕，我切了最大的一块吃，它是很甜的。我每咬一口，就加了几勺冰淇淋。我花了很长时间才明白这个简单的事实：我们工作是为了活着，但我们活着是为了爱。和每个人分享你的爱，你会惊奇地发现生活会多么美好。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很大，我给自己切了最大的一块。A．cut切；B．taught教；C．bought买；D．stored储存。后文说到作者吃蛋糕。故作者给自己切了一块。故答案为A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：咬了第一口，我闭上眼睛笑了。太甜蜜了。A．soup汤；B．bite咬；C．view风景；D．reply回复。结合后文太甜了，可知作者吃了蛋糕。故答案为B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题。A．soft柔软的；B．bitter苦的；C．sweet甜的；D．cold冷的。根据后文The ice cream on top was delightfully thick.上面的冰激凌厚得令人愉快。可知蛋糕很甜。故答案为C项。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：它有无数的卡路里，它是如此美味，但不一定是有营养的。A．but但是；B．so因此；C．or或者；D．and并且。根据常识，蛋糕很美味并且有着很高的卡路里。故答案为D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我并不介意。A．instead相反；B．though但是；C．thus因此；D．therefore因此。上文说到蛋糕美味并且有着很高的卡路里，并不一定是有营养的。作者并不介意蛋糕的这些缺点。表示转折关系。故答案为B项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我很享受每一口，还加了几勺冰激凌。A．as well也；B．above all首先，尤其是；C．in total总共； D．for fun开玩笑的。可知作者很喜欢女儿做的冰激凌，并且还加了冰激凌一起吃。故答案为A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子、女儿和我吃完了蛋糕的每一块。A．jumped跳；B．searched搜寻；C．finished完成；D．ignored忽略。后文中When we were done, our souls were satisfied. 当我们吃完了，我们的灵魂就满足了。可知作者和儿子、女儿吃完了蛋糕。故答案为C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。当我们结束时，我们的灵魂得到了满足，晚餐还有四个小
推荐访问:调研 秦皇岛市 卢龙县 河北省 【英语】河北省秦皇岛市卢龙县中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第二次调研考试试题(解析版)
